The branchial cyst, also known as branchial cleft cyst,, is a congenital malformation that develops during embryonic formation. It arises from residual tissues of the branchial arches, structures that form in the early stages of fetal development and are related to the formation of the upper airways. 

But how do they manifest? 

Typically, as painless, palpable masses on the side of the neck, below the jaw. While many branchial cysts remain small and asymptomatic throughout life, some may increase in size and cause symptoms such as: 

● Local discomfort; 

● Difficulty swallowing; 

● Breathing difficulty; 

● Difficulty speaking; 

The diagnosis of the branchial cyst is often made through physical examination and imaging tests, such as ultrasound, computed tomography, or magnetic resonance imaging. These exams help determine the exact location and size of the cyst, as well as assist in treatment planning. 

And the treatment? 

Initially, it involves complete surgical removal of the cyst. This is usually done to prevent complications such as recurrent infections, compression of neighboring structures, or, in rare cases, malignant transformation of the cyst. 

But don’t be alarmed! 

Surgery is usually successful and has a low recurrence rate when the cyst is completely removed. 

Although it is considered a benign condition in most cases, it is important that it is diagnosed and treated properly to avoid complications and ensure the patient’s well-being. 

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